Aerobic Cellular Respiration in Isolated Mitochondria of Lima Bean Lab Report

Aerobic Cellular Respiration in Isolated Mitochondria of Lima Bean Seeds - science laboratory Report ExampleDuring aerobic respiration, oxygen in the air is used as the final negatron receptor which subsequently gets reduced to water. Energy is generated during this process in the form of a high get-up-and-go molecule, adenosine triphosphate (adenosine triphosphate). This is a complex process involving a series of reactions that use many chemicals and enzymes. Glucose is the most preferred fount for cellular respiration and as reported by Rich (2003), it release high energy (29-30 ATP molecules per glucose molecule) during aerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration consists of 3 major steps as glycolysis, Krebs cycle (Citric acid cycle) and negatron transport image. During glycolysis, pyruvate is produced by glucose which is converted to a 2C molecule, acetyl-CoA. Acetyl-CoA combines with the 4C oxaloacetate (last product of the previous Krebs cycle) to produce citrate which is a very high energy source. During the Krebs cycle, citrate is consumed in an 8-step process to release this energy (electrons). Here, the coenzymes passion (flavin vitamin A dinucleotide) and NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) gets reduced to produce a small quantity of carbon dioxide and ATP. Therefore, enthalpy electrons approach shot from glucose will reduce FAD and NAD+ to FADH2 and NADH + H+ respectively. These electrons then enter the electron transport chain to get oxidized and produce ATP. ... This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme succinic dehydrogenase using FAD as co-enzyme. In this reaction, 2 hydrogen atoms are removed from succinate and transfer to FAD thereby reducing it to FADH2. DPIP (2, 6-dichloro-phenol-indophenol) blue blot can act as a hydrogen molecule acceptor instead of FAD during this reaction. When DPIP receive hydrogen from succinate, blue color get decolorized. Thus the DPIP color change from blue to colorless is an indication of the direct of enzyme activity in the mitochondria which can be measured and recorded with a spectrophotometer. The Krebs cycle is influenced by war-ridden and noncompetitive inhibitors. Competitive inhibitors compete with the substrate to bind to the active site of the enzyme and this can be suppress by providing to a greater extent quantity of substrate molecules. Conversely, noncompetitive inhibitors such as metal ions (copper, Cu2+ and mercury, Hg2+) will deactivate the enzyme thereby making it impossible to return back to the reaction. Therefore, the reaction cannot be reactivated by incorporation of more substrate. In the succinate-to-fumarate reaction of the Krebs cycle, Malonate act as a competitive inhibitor on succinate molecule. Molecule shape of malonate is same to succinate molecule and thus it obstructs the conversion reaction of succinate to fumarate by binding to active site of the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase. However, as exposit in Zeevalk, Derr-Yellin and Nicklas (1995) it will not react further and result in the termination of the reaction. Therefore FAD will not reduce to FADH2 and fumarate will not be produced, thus arresting the Krebs cycle. As malonate is a competitive inhibitor, the reaction can be

Periodic and families relationship of typical element Lab Report

Periodic and families relationship of typical element - Lab Report ExampleThe report guidance on demonstrating that most element within the same family or group exhibit similarity in their chemical reactions. Across the period, however, they show very different chemical behavior. These similarities and differences helps in grouping, and classifying the elements on the half-hourly dishearten . (GreenWood)Materials involved in the experiment are standard laboratory equipment, samples of Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg), Aluminum (Al), Carbon(C), Sulfur(S), and weewee (H2O). Each element is then burnt in oxygen, and later further adding water and acid probe their resulting oxides. The data and observations are as followsIf a little quantity sodium is burnt in air, it practically burns with an orangeness glow. A larger quantity of sodium burns with a strong orange flame in oxygen. The result is usually a white solid mixture of sodium oxide and in some instances, sodium peroxide is prod uced. (van Spronsen)Sodium and Cesium are metals from group 1 elements on the periodic table. Cesium is more reactive than Sodium. These elements burn in oxygen to produce metal dioxides. Potassium is in like manner an element in this group.Magnesium belongs to group 2 in the periodic table it is reacted with type O to make up Magnesium Oxide. The chemical properties of elements in this group are marked by the high reducing index finger of these metals. It is worth to note that these elements are more electropositive down the concourse. Metals of this group react vigorously with oxygen. (Mazurs)Group 1 and group 2 elements are metallic by nature they burn in Oxygen to produce Metal Oxide. When these metals are put in water, they fig basic substances. Aluminum is also classified advertisement as a metal, although and it belongs to group 3 called transitional metals in the periodic table. Aluminum Oxide though form amphoteric substance since it reacts as both the basic and acid. In the reactivity series, Aluminum metal is little reactive with Oxygen compared to both Sodium and Magnesium.As with all

Final project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Final project - Assignment ExampleLikewise, the change is reflected to processes, practices or methods affected by advance(a) management practices. This complex concept refers to a challenging concept, as balanced tote upcard is widely utilise in corporate organizations, change is a regular feature. It is fundamental that information establishments in an organization assumes that the need information is known to the user, ensures that it is acknowledged and received on a consistent basis and is also embed in the decision making process of the organization. As per the scenario, the development of performance management system for Procter and venture must meet these requirements (Sachs 53-64) Procter and Gamble is seeking to construct an effective and proficient performance management system that volition adhere to organization objectives into visible and measurable targets demonstrating success that is also shared among the organizations customers and stake holders. ... 981-99 3) i.e. Financial, Customer, inborn Business Processes and Learning and Growth. 1.1 Financial Perspective The financial situation of the balanced score card varies for Government organizations and private organizations. As the argument objectives for the private sector are generic and be transparent extensive targets associated with profit based organizations operational in the commercial marketplace. In contrast, considerations for financial aspects of popular limited organizations play a limited role, as financial goals are rare for being a primary objective for businesses. The Information Technology department of Procter and Gamble will incorporate financial perspective of the balanced scorecard for measuring the effectiveness and efficiency of critical information technology processes to meet business requirements within an allocated budget. By effectively monitoring key process indicators, Return on Investment (ROI) foundation be calculated and augmented as well. The incr ease in ROI will definitely show a positive intent of the stakeholders. 1.2 Customer Perspective The customers perspective of the balance scorecard will evaluate the ability of the IT department for contribution in providing quality goods and services, supply chain effectiveness and blessedness for overall customer service. KPI for monitoring Supply Chain Management (SCM) will focus on activities and processes tortuous in product delivery and storage. If an effective IT based SCM is operational, customers will be satisfied, as goods will be delivered on time and will have 100% availability in stores and supermarkets, even in online stores. 1.3 Internal

Scholarly Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Scholarly create verbally - Essay ExampleIn science, any stopping point made has to rely on tested evidence and factual data, for example psychology. As discussed in ( psychology as a Science, 2013), this is because it involves systematic observation, data collection, and data analysis (empiricism), the examination of testable problems, and the falsifiability of result. Information in science should be testable, and people can refer the decision as a fact. A scientific decision goes through different stages such as data collection, data analysis and testing to check out its authenticity. Scientific decisions only factor in factual data (Pope, 1998). On the other hand, however, common common sense does not rely in any form of data or tested information. An individual, basing his or her argumentation on what he believes to be true or as intuitively obvious makes a decision about a particular issue. Such a decision lacks any form of data or evidence. Therefore, the decision arrive d at could be either true or false. According to (Psychology as a Science, 2013), the problem with common sense ideas about behavior is that much of it is contradictory, leaving one to extol still about the actual answer to some of lifes questions. Common sense involves censorious persuasion. According to Douglas (2000), critical opinion puts into consideration the importance of beliefs. Since people find it easier to believe than to disbelieve, critical thought helps them back their reasoning to believe in any decision they come up with. As discussed in (Psychology as a Science, 2013), a good critical thinker uses scientific doubt to discover that both(prenominal) cliches in each dichotomy are unsupported, that only one is supported, or that both are actually supported. Personally, critical thinking helps me in believing what I have learnt or read. It is contingent to differentiate between something that is true and one that is untrue by critically analyzing a text by use o f prior information. Belief perseverance is the tendency of an individual o hold on to his or her initial belief, even when provided with new information that contradicts the present belief. Paul & Elder (2003) assert that critical thinking involves focusing on the purpose of thinking, questions the thinking is pursuing, the information in use, the assumptions and inferences made, concepts and point of view guiding the thinking and the implications of the thinking. Belief perseverance acts in ignorance with this argument, as here is no way of solving an individuals decision, despite being acquainted with this knowledge. Personally, I try to use common sense to allow for critical thinking in place of personal belief. With common sense, I know when something is wrong and when right. I cannot deputize these two, to make something right wrong and something wrong right using common sense. References Douglas, N. L. (2000). Enemies of critical thinking Lessons from neighborly psychology research. Reading Psychology, 21(2), 129144. Paul, R., & Elder, L. (2003). Critical thinking Teaching students how to study and learn (Part III). Journal of Developmental Education, 26(3), 36-37. Pope, K. S. (1998). Pseudoscience, cross-examination, and scientific evidence in the recovered memory controversy. Psychology, Public Policy, & Law, 4(4), 1160-1181. Psychology as a Science. (2013). Study notes Scholarly Writing The author had a good topic of discussion the personal computer. The author, while introducing the topic, digs a lesser background

Cross Cultural Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Cross Cultural Management - Essay poserOrganizations all differ in their culture. There are no too organizations with the ex moment culture.Cultural forms berth as the linking mechanism by which networks of understanding develop among employees. The cultural forms shown in the t able-bodied on pages 293-94 act as a medium for communicating ideologies, values, and norms. Cultural forms enable leaders to transmit messages about sought after culture to influence thinking and ways of behaving. Cultural forms also address the emotional aspects of organizations that are usually referred to as cohesion or camaraderie. Organizational scholars Janice Beyer and Harrison Trice elaborate on this pointCultural forms non only aid sense make through the meanings they convey they also aid the sense making process through the emotional reassurances they entrust that help people persist in their coping efforts. Forms provide a concrete anchoring point, even if the meaning they carry are vague a nd only imperfectly transmitted....Also umpteen cultural forms involve the expression of emotion and, by this venting of emotions, help people to cope with stress.( http//www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/ndu/strat-ldr-dm/pt4ch16.html)Organizational diversity is the mixture of different individuals. Differences such as race, age, gender, religion, and ethnics. Diversity is very important in the attractiveness of an organization. ... Technology is increasing at a rapid pace. The worlds technology is set to double in the next seven years. An organization must be technology advanced to be able to go along a competitive advantage over its competition. Many times when upgrades are made in a company employee training is necessary. Communication in an organization is very important for its success. Managers must be able to communicate with their subordinates quickly and effectively. Communication channels need to be a too ways lane. Employee feedback allows instruction to measure their own s uccess. Employees should feel free to constructively comment and offer creative ideas to managers. Communication outhouse take place in person, over the phone, or electronically. An organizations culture is a very complex and small issue. Companies must develop a culture that appeals both to its employees and customers. The culture of an organization is a resemblance of its personality. Employee and managers bequeath be working together on a daily bases and must get along.Human imagery management is somewhat different in the global environment that in the domestic environment. Several factors post to this. One factor is the differences in worldwide labor markets. Each country has a different hour of histrions, labor costs, and companies. Companies can choose the mix of human resources that is best for them. Another factor is differences in worker mobility. Various obstacles make it difficult or impossible to move workers form one country to another. These let in physical, eco nomic, legal, and cultural barriers. Still another factor is managerial practices. Different business subcultures choose to manage their resources, including people, in different ways. The more countries in which a company operates, the greater

Trademark Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Trademark - Assignment ExampleIdentifying trademark-offending companies is not an easier task. This is because it can only be done by technologically advanced modes of comparing the quality of the products of the same companys logos by the consumers. Dinwoodie and Janis (2008) product line that trademark-offending companies have been on the rise, which has either increased or reduced the costs associated with various goods and services (Dinwoodie & Janis 2008). This calls for the appellation of the complaints consumers raise about trademark-offending companies to reduce the increasingly burdensome business domains in the analgesics and financial market structures. An email, alike(p) written letters, merits copyrights protection. Copying and forwarding emails violates a senders copyrights with a prima facie case for copyright infringement. This issue can only be mitigated through a well-established cyber-crime control laws (Dinwoodie & Janis, 2008).In conclusion, consumers are mor e likely to face challenges in establishing the origin, sponsorship or the approval of the gripe site created by the trademark-offending companies ascribable to lack of a better understanding of the accepted companies logos. Customers usually confuse counterfeit logos with the original companies symbols. Therefore, they should also not be blamed for tarnishing the companys name. Additionally, they cannot be held responsible by the federal Trademark Dilution act as they do these actions only as patriotic citizens and concerned

Everyday life challenges Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

nonchalant life challenges - Essay ExampleThese challenges are usually defined by the surrounding environment. Some of the viridity challenges I face are correlated with my emotions, family issues, work environment, economic issues, religious issues and the physical environment (Dean 44). For example, family issues much(prenominal) as sibling rivalry and hatred within the family interferes with the family relationships. This can also affect other members of the family in particular when the siblings are not minors. Most of the time is usually spent on trying to resolve much(prenominal) duels. My personal emotions also affect my general outlook. This is normally depicted on a daily basis.In conclusion, I have become a victim of drug abuse and violence based on the numerous challenges, which I face as an individual. On several occasions, I have learnt that harboring an optimistic status is the best technique to ensure that I can cope with my everyday challenges (Dean 34). Also, e ngaging in void ensures that I am able to relax after work. Some of the leisure activities I engage in include playing games, swimming and reading magazines. These leisure activities enhance relaxation hence avoiding daily

Selection Procedure for the Post of Senior Receptionist Essay

survival Procedure for the Post of Senior Receptionist - Essay ExampleThe tec of this essay focuses on analyzing and presenting of the selection act of a staff on a position of the Post of Senior Receptionist, that is a tedious line and requires proper planning for the human resources managers. The researcher states that if the selection process in not planned well, discrepancies gutter occur in the quality of the candidate selected, which can lead to difficulties in the working nature of the health kernel. The researcher continues with following statement Hiring the right employee is a challenging process. Hiring the wrong employee is expensive, costly to your work purlieu and time consuming. The researcher accordingly suggests and presents the selection procedure that concluds nine stages. Firstly, the head of the Corniche health centre should decide how many stages of assessment will be included and the number of applicants arriving for each stage. The researcher then anal yzes eight other stages and concluds that the applications should be treated with confidentiality, so that further enquiries on them are dealt with ease and promptness. The wonder structure was also discussed in details as well and was classified in four several(predicate) steps, such as introduction, gathering of evidence part, questioning and commenting part and closing session stage. In conclusion, the researcher suggests his recommendations on the topic of human resource management and pesents eight questions to be asked the candidates for the Post of Senior Receptionist position.

Fault Tolerance Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Fault Tolerance Paper - Essay ExampleUnderstanding the different components as a part of shadowing and mirroring as well as how it can be used to assist in databases can supply individuals with more alternatives for building the database security ingested while creating higher levels of charge tolerance. The need to examine the benefits and disadvantages of the mirroring arranging is also required. This provides an evolution toward the main approach of mirroring and shadowing for more advanced applied science that is currently being create for send away users.Several types of technologies are available and used for the shadowing and mirroring fault tolerance system. Each of these can work together to provide complete functioning within the system while allowing the backup system created to work more efficiently. The first technology used is from physical aspects of the system. The mirroring built through a hardware system is placed into the main drive of the computer. This di vides by a twin multi processor with modules that carry dual paths. The cross - section and double paths as a part of the mirroring then create a way for data to move from one component to another. These interface with dual ported controllers and a disc subsystem that allows the data controlled with where it goes and how the information can mirror. The storage then takes place in the disc subsystem to provide complete backup to the system. Newer physical properties built from remote servers are also available. These specific options allow end users to immediately back-up data through an online portal connected through a remote server. The information moves into a storage space by connecting from one network to the computer so one can ransom all applicable information. The main hardware of this system built into a server provides a hosting association who has larger backup space on

Maternal Obesity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Maternal Obesity - Essay frameworkThe Center for Disease Control and Prevention reports reveals that at the beginning stage of pregnancy, one in volt women be obese. Hence reducing obesity during, before, and after the pregnancy should be considered as a issue of public health importance. The obesity in pregnancy has been rapidly increasing and has now become a common essay obstetric condition in many countries. The reason for the health organizations to take particular care in the issue of maternal obesity is that the consequences of it are high and associated with adverse reproductive outcomes and hypertensive disorders and also causes for gestational diabetes mellitus, cesarean delivery, and increased risk for obesity of the child. Theory of plan Behavior (TPB) As Rivis and Sheeran (2003) explain, the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was derived from the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) and explains the three predicator of behavior attitude, subjective norm, and perceive be havioral consider. Attitude refers the beliefs of an individual about the outcomes of the behavior mixed with an evaluation of the significance of these outcomes. The Theory of Planned Behavior is somewhat similar to the Health Belief Model. ... The results explain that both models were able to predict an big part in the variance of dieting and fasting follow-up behavior. The direct saying of the perceived control evaluates the extent of access that the individuals believe to have in formulating the behavior question. On the other hand, the indirect aspect of perceived control is normally obtained by assessing some definite aspects, called control beliefs, which have the capability both to make it easier and to make it difficult to achieve a behavior. The Theory of Planned Behavior analysis reports no direct connection between the intention to eat healthfully and feeding behavior. Besides, age, gender, and BMI were the important factors forming the response of the people. The TP B is formulated on the idea that the stronger the intention to carry out a provided behavior, the greater the chance that a person get out execute that behavior. The results from the various studies prove that TPB is helpful in predicting the factors that are directly connected with healthy consume behavior. Many factors lead to healthy eating behaviors, and the TPB can be used as a prick to formulate intervention strategies to promote healthy eating habits among the youth, especially the women who are more faced with the risk of obesity and overweight. Other factors such as attitude, barriers, are subjective norm which have chances to influence the eating behaviors, are also added to the model of TBP. At last, the suggestion is towards the parents to take reasonable care in maintaining a healthy eating habit for their children. Social and Cultural factors affecting the maternal Obesity. The causes behind the obesity are multifaceted and consist of social, cultural, genetic, beha vioral, and environmental factors. Generally, obesity

Report of recent financial crisis and writing a report Essay

Report of recent monetary crisis and writing a base - Essay ExampleThe Big Short significantly explains the banking crisis of crisis of 20072008 by unfolding the events preceding the crisis, the actual crisis, and the characters twisty (Lewis 1-5). Michael Lewis derives that a crazy, fabricated money machine, built on flawed mathematical models that most financial executives did not really understand the caused the crisis leading to loses of several trillion dollars through government activity bailouts. He establishes that in the tardy 1980s, Wall Street imagined that it could generate bond-like financial products from other debt-based income streams like home mortgages and credit cards. In this context, a bond represented an income stream based on borrowed money. As such, Wall Street designed mortgage bonds in form of stacked specifyers to enable everybody to access them. As a result, investors craving for higher returns on their money invested in the lower tranches while inve stors seeking lower returns invested in the higher tranches. Indeed, we can sense of touch the 2008 financial crisis from the development of the mortgage derivatives (Lewis 21-27). With the help of ratings agencies, Wall Street turned subprime mortgages into exotic, toxic financial products that attracted long turnovers through laundering and reselling. The subprime mortgages had higher gambles attached to them but equally paid much higher stake rates designed for borrowers with lower credit worthiness. As a result, the demand for the subprime mortgages from Wall Street change magnitude leading to increased motivation on the lender for additional subprime mortgages. In addition, marketing for the subprime mortgages increased good and more people took up the loans. Indeed, Michael Lewis argues that these financial instruments became opaque and complex everyday overshadowing the fact that their foundation lay on suspect loans that kept rising (Lewis 112-117). With more people wi lling to buy the subprime mortgages, the quality of the mortgagees decreased, the risk for Wall Streets mortgage bonds increased, and it became harder to sell the bonds to investors. Unfortunately, as the unstable foundation of subprime mortgages became weaker and posed a greeter danger to the world economy, the chief executives of Americas premier banks did not foresee it. Indeed, government regulators and treasury officials also failed to identify the eminent danger. Nevertheless, some investors saw it and used the opportunity to make extensive financial benefits from the financial crisis. However, Michael Lewis notes that Wall Street firms had the ability to hide the risk by making the mind complex and using the rating agencies. Actually, the rating agencies that included Moodys and Standard & Poors helped in giving risky ratings that equaled the US treasuries thus opening the financial market to many of CDO buyers. At this period, Americans bought the mortgages in large number s without knowing that the mortgage demand emanated from their actions. Michael Lewis introduces one of the investors who sought to benefit from this financial crisis as Darwinian world of the bond market. He also introduces Michael Burry, who became obsessed with investing and started a investment firm with the family money. Lewis states that after studying the bond market in 2004, Dr. Burry became convinced

North Miami Council Meeting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

North Miami Council Meeting - Essay ExampleIn this report, the opposition I attended was held in Miami city. The city council government organized the meeting among another stakeholder of the regional government. The meeting majorly put to a greater extent accent mark and addressed some of the major problems affecting its citizens. The meeting was conducted on Tuesday 9th June 2015 in the evening exactly 7.00. as it is the order of every meeting, a role call was briefly performed to ascertain the members who were present and those who are not. The magnetic inclination of those who were absent with apology was noted and at the said(prenominal) time those without apology (Burrill, 1962).Pledge of allegiance by detective Rocio, who works with North Miami police, was conducted, and after that Pastor Gregory Toussaint, who led the tabernacle of glory, put members through invocation. adjuration of office administration was the section that carried more attention of the meeting. Dr. Do rothy Bndross Mindingall assisted by the school board private instructor in District 2 conducted it. Other events preceded this main event. The order of the business has a breakdown of subsections. These subsections were additions and deletions, amendments and deferrals (Burrill, 1962).The meeting had more issues that were to be discussed. Among the questions comprised in the order of the business, individual presentations, city events, hurricane preparedness and consent agenda. The questions that the officials put more emphasis and discussed are the certification and of the results that were returned during the runoff election process. Pursue of this was retrieved from the previous meeting that was held at the same venue. As a council, they proposed the purchase of the order one of new transit to issue in by the police department at the agreed cost. Equipment that was brought up was scheduled to be purchased separately by the council for enforcing the justice (Burrill, 1962).Anot her proposal that was passed

Branding of a City in the 21st Century Coursework - 1

Branding of a City in the 21st Century - Coursework Example time the consumers awareness of a commemorate, and the reasons for choosing an associated product may depend on various factors including peer reference, peer approval, or other social factors beyond the direct control of the brands investor, the brands marketing mix is definitely within the investors control, and something that demands self-aggrandising budget investment. Therefore, investors and researchers are always concerned about the actual effects and results of marketing components including advertisement, sales promotions, and conjunction emblems - upon the consumers perception and their consequence upon brand lawfulness.In the last decade, a lot of research has been dedicated to conceptualizing and measuring rod customer-based brand equity. However, apart from putting forth various influencing factors, no integrative framework has so remote-off been developed to account for the complex psychological processe s underlying the formation of customer-based brand equity. This has strong implications as far as message processing and persuasion in tourism and city image is concerned.The modern mean solar day consumers decision making as far a choice of a brand remains wide unquestioned as far as practical observations and research go. This is especially true of city mark whether it is for tourists or for possible settlers. There are a variety of models to conceptualize and measure brand equity in order to explain how brand equity is generated in the consumers mind in terms of images of cities. These models lie in of a thorough analysis of each factor that influences the decision making process as strong as several synoptic approaches examining the influence of different variables on brand equity are getable (Kotler, 1997 , p. 443). This promotes a deeper substantiateing of the elements of brand identity for cities as this is a fairly new phenomenon that has sprung from the advent of globa lization. The elements of the brand equity in this regard have been studied from the perspective of case studies so as to understand the perception instruction elements that go into creating an image for a city. (Kaplanidou et al, 2003)Brand Identity is that element of perception management and awareness in a citys image, which has its focus in the results of a

Internet & interactive media-consumer website analysis and evaluation Research Paper

Internet & interactive media-consumer website analysis and evaluation project about Sephora - look for Paper ExampleSales associates and make-up artists undergo intensive training so that they can be well prep bed to answer customers questions and give them advice ranging from skin types, and application techniques. The familiarity not only serves women who are frequent users of the beauty products, but also men. This paper examines the Sephoras digital marketing strategy and its website which is dictated at http//www.sephora.com/. 2. Unique market positioning The keep company was launched in the 1960s and unlike other origin entities which use the commission-based model, Sephora relies on the self-service model. Under this model, customers go around the store, and are able to feel, touch and analyse the available offerings. Its founder, Dominique Mondonnaud transformed the existing model by grouping products by qualities such as nub notes and scents rather than by brand. By 1 984, Dominique had opened more than 8 perfume shops, but in 1993 he sold all the stores to Louis Vuitton. Following the acquisition of Sephora, LVMH expanded its operations in many European countries as well as in the trade union America. Under the LVMH group, Sephora continues to expand the existing product lines and its current offerings overwhelm accessories, skin care, hair care, and make-up products. The company is renowned for its revolutionary products such as the anti-wrinkle cream StriVectin-SD. On its website, Sephora is super recognized for providing the customers with an interactive shopping environment, and an unparalleled assortment of prestige products. Its products are most touristy with those aged between 15 and 70 years old, and currently, the company operates in 24 countries. In North America, the company has established around 280 stores and mini-stores and has 11,000 products and 250 brands. Such a wide offerings ensures consumers needs and wants are adequat ely satisfied. 2.1 Products The company offers more than 200 brands and over 13,000 products and is considered a one-stop shop for all personal care needs. The company boasts of highly esteemed brands and trendy products and each of the brand features unique colors and packaging. In each of the stores, customers can get a line innovative services from the Sephora professionals and it is this element that sets the company apart from its direct competitors. Maintaining high perceived shade products enables the company to charge premium prices. The prices of the available products and services are differentiated and this variation helps the company to serve a wider segment. Some of the products are highly priced while others are lowly priced to fit into the middle to upper range. The prices of ladder are higher than at other stores, and this price level is justified by the high woodland services offered. 2.2 Communication and differentiation The company differentiates itself on thr ee principles freedom, experience and guarantee. In this regard, customers are guaranteed of quality services and they can s return product they are not satisfied

Research and Professional Skills Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Research and Professional Skills - Assignment ExampleDeveloping critical opinion has do me examine the validity and truth of arguments by assessing the relative significance rather than accepting ideas at face value. In addition, I intentional that in order to develop the strong critical mind, it is great to be persistent, as this would enable me to get answers to questions I deal asked. In my view, I bring forth learned that research and professional skill is a good subject in that it has enabled me to think carefully and strategically about my objectives and areas which I need to improve. I am now in a position to quarter plans in that I can choose how to attain my desired career outcome. This is possible because I have set attainable and manageable objectives and I am ready to revise the plans if things do not go as planned. In addition, research and professional skills have careed me improve my writing skill. Throughout the course, I have experienced numerous contests. F or instance, I have been asthmatic because of the bad weather and workload stress that has made me suffer. Because of my sickness, I have been absent for almost four weeks which implies that I have missed classes for a epoch of four weeks. Therefore, in order to compensate for the time I have been absent, I need to a greater extent time and effort in order to catch up with the syllabus. Lecturers understand my situation, pass along me strong support, and help me to attain what I have missed. For instance, they give me relevant notes that I need to revise, encourage me not to give up and explain concepts that I do not understand. More so, I borrow notes from my classmates and conduct save research in areas that require more reading. I am specialized in management story since I performed well in this area at the beginning but I encounter few challenges in decision-making section despite the fact it is the subject I am interested in. The main challenge is that I record poor result s in financereporting assignment because of poor understanding and sickness. I cannot understand this subject well because of weak interpretation and due to the fact that I did not pass over the main criteria that the assignment requires.

Case Study Analysis Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Analysis Paper - bailiwick Study ExampleThe fact is that the summer is approaching and Arthur does not have a reliable pool of workers (replacement or otherwise) to run his business during this period. He is likely to face a high turnover and see heavy losses because of a lack of workers to keep his business operational. His losses be likely to stalking from spending more than he is earning the replacement workers are actually more expensive than his normal persistent employees.Arthurs turnover is too high to keep his business running during the summer. Since summer vacations are instead long, the losses incurred must be incredibly high during this period. An interesting fact is that turnover is higher in replacement employees than permanent workers who normally work for the company. Since his fulltime workers always return at the end of the summer or when they recover from their various illnesses, Arthur cannot afford spending a lot of money on temporary workers who are no t always available and are too expensive to keep on the payroll. The solution to this business is to do away with temporary workers permanently (Uhl, 2013). The solution is to develop a schedule whereby there are two pools of workers permanent and fulltime. However, the replacement workers are only hired during the summer and paid decent hire to keep them on the job. Arthurs method of looking for new workers every summer is flawed and testament only lead to losses in productivity and revenue. He should always have replacement workers on standby.Ideally, they should be working in all the other seasons except summer, when they replace all the permanent workers. So, regardless of whether a permanent worker is sick or on vacation, there is a steady pool of replacement employees ready to take their place (Bridger, 2014). Arthur should change the summer vacation to a permanent finish season for permanent workers. As soon as summer reaches all the permanent workers are habituated lea ves and they only return

Political Campaign Videos Essay Example for Free

Political Campaign Videos EssayShifts in the campaign films The Sky is the constrain by George scrubbing and A New Beginning by Ronald Reagan must have been very explicit to expert media critics, but were not at all noticeable for average agreementable television viewers, reservation the films more effective materials in campaign. Let us first take a look at the campaign film of George Bush. The first of the film A New Beginning engaged the viewers to get wind and take a look at Bush psycheal life. It contained rambles of Bush father, m otherwise and wife public lecture more or less him and that is where person-to-person or excited appeal comes in, because it was the family of Bush speaking.Bush parents talked intimately how loving and marvelous he is as a son. Even his love life was discussed by his wife, telling the audience that Bush is a type of person who keeps his words which he proved when he married Laura right outside as promised. At this early part of the film, the film seemed to be just a simple objective of George Bush personal life, until a clip of George Bush saying I am the person who worrys to pull a face came in. He was saying that he likes to laugh, with his face extremely closed up charm driving, followed by a very short clip showing himself laughing at a policy- make assembly.This, then, is the start of political campaign and is also the first shift in the movie. The shift was do very subtly, though, because there was a mix of personal appeal and political campaign. The next clip was Carlos Ramirez talking about Bush macrocosm a person generous of family values. While the topic was still very personal, the interviewee was a political person, Carlos Ramirez organism the mayor of El Paso. With this, the combination of politics and personal appeal was wee-weed, signaling the second shift that was about to happen.This is indeed a clue that the next shift will be from personal-political to something thats purely politi cal. The trey shift is marked by an interview with Ernie Ladd, a co-founder of a mentoring program for leadership called PULL. Ernie Ladd was talking about Bush performance as a leader. When the topic is about leadership, it clearly shows that the current focus of the clip was into politics. To soften the blow, Bush was shown on TV again, being back to a regular guy for another(prenominal) shot at personal appeal.Then again, it was still political because here, he was talking about change. At first, he was sympathizing over children who were coming from very difficult situations and comparing it to his wonderful life. He said he wanted to change this and make lives better for all children, while uttering the purely political line This is the reason why I want to run as a governor of Texas. The campaign, at this stage, is at its full swing. Another shift was created, but this time, there was an effort in emphasizing the goals of Bush in the elections.Phyllis Hunter, a representati ve from READ of the state of Texas, talked about changed which Bush caused in the state. She further explained the positive changes which took place in Texas which may not have been impossible without Bush. She gave testimonials on how helpful Bush is as a person which can be seen through her exact words, I have seen a big difference since he has been governor of the state of Texas in the amount of supports that we have to help us as educators reach the standards. He said if you need it, well get it for you.We have websites, we have grant programs, we have teacher training in the state of Texas, and we have George leading the way (Parmelee, 2003, p. 52). From this point, the film became highly political because what were shown were purely campaign materials. in that respect was Bush talking to kids while reading their letters to him, in which a letter even contained a wish for Bush to win. Here, Bush tells the kids that he hopes he wins, too. This campaign material was given drama and personal appeal when the kids were involved.Lastly, Bush was uttering the words Im confident I can do the avocation that commonwealth want me to do. Im a proud member of my party, but Im more than that Im an American. I love my surface area. I love what America stands for. Im going to propel people that were lucky to be Americans (Parmelee, 2003, p. 52). Ending the film is a song entitled We the People matched with a loud applause. Ronald Raegans film A New Beginning, on the other hand, starts with a footage of his inauguration. While uttering his constitutive(a) oath, a montage of Americans leading a normal life was overlapping with his articulatio.His oath, then, functioned as a voice over to regular citizens who tended animals, tilled the lands, worked in offices, and the likes. It was indeed a technique that made the film unattackable because the film was able to make portray that the heroes of the United States are the Americans, and not Ronald Raegan himself. From this scene, a shift was made to Raegan talking about how he finds his job in the political arena, saying that hearing honest views while having meetings coming from the executive branch of the government makes him inspired as a political leader.After mentioning people from the executive branch, the film shifts to ordinary people again, giving testimonials on how they have learned values like patriotism, respect and pride because of Reagan. It was in the fourth shift when a sudden change can be noticed, because the music suddenly became dramatic, having the lyrics Freedom, they cant take that away, I am proud to be an American as a contributing factor to the emotional appeal.This part extended to a few minutes (as abundant as the whole song) and converted the film temporarily into a music video until it was cut to a few clips showing Reagans trips to demilitarized zones in Asia. In this shift, the film showcased the military power of a country where Reagan shows how delighted he is to hear pride among soldiers. He then meets the soldiers from South Korea and greets then one by one with the words I am proud to know you. This way, he is sending the message that we should copy his behaviour of acknowledging these soldiers or heroes everytime we see them.Testimonials from ordinary Americans are inserted again, in which everyone says that they get to spend more specie and they can feel the progress of the economy since Raegan led the nation. The topic of inflation was also discussed, with statistics mentioned to prove that he is most concerned with inflation and security of elders. The music in this scene is lively and victorious, followed, again, by testimonials from other people. The most dramatic shift comes with the topic of the assassination attempt on him.This part was purely emotional and personal, sharing to the audience the moment he talked to the doctor and the doctor told him God must be on your shoulder. However, an abrupt change occurred when a su dden lively music entered the scene, showing again his trips to Asian countries. This time, he says that people go to the West, which shows that the West, then, provides future for the people. He says that Americans have a lot to offer, which brought a change on the clip by inserting a clip about the World War II veterans who risked and sacrificed their lives at vertex dHoc.He tells us that men these days can be found in offices, stores, farms and shops as a result of a free society all because the military force helped the nation progress to it. After this, the film becomes political when Reagan started talking about reform, simplifying taxes and creating enterprise zones and business incentives. From this, he also negotiation about peace which he achieved because he is helping people. The film ended with the song God sign The USA (Morreale, 1991, p. 84). The values common to these two films are pride, patriotism, generosity, leadership, spirituality and respect.What makes these films different are how these two localize themselves. Bush defines himself as a person full of family values, someone who wants to make everybody happy, respectful of his parents, wanting to create change, full of optimism and reaching big dreams, in which his being a family-person and wanting to create change is emphasized. Reagan defines himself as a person who respects heroes, full of patriotism, prioritizes economy of the nation, advocates liberty, spiritual and a peace-lover. In this, his respect for heroes or military and his patriotism are emphasized.Musical scores that are lively and victorious support the progress, dreams and freedom the candidates are portraying in the film. The sentimental songs support the personal and emotional appeal of the film, which helped in making the audience feel what the candidates wanted them to feel. Visual images also had a role American flags, innocent kids, male child scouts, soldiers, baseball, laughter, sunrises all these promotin g a positive vibe for their personality, making the candidates look as more positive individuals in front of the camera.

Assessments in a care environment Essay Example for Free

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Evgeny Morozov Essay Example for Free

Evgeny Morozov EssayEvgeny Morozovs article, Technologys Role in Revolution, was very attention-grabbing. Evgeny argued that many revolutions throughout history do not flow through mesh and technology, simply in effect, be forged by cultural factors. His term, cyber-utopianism, suggests that online interaction amongst individuals is emancipatory, and that the earnings favours the oppressed, alternatively than the oppressor. He makes evident, that this belief is nieve and stubborn because it refuses to recognize its consequences. Evgeny argues against the certain ideas of what he refers to as net centrism, and cyber-utopianism, and indeed points out that there is a dark side to network freedom. Within Evgenys article, there are many points he makes that definitely articulate cyber-utopianism, and its affect on many populations. Evgeny explains the role of internet in the middle- eastern revolutions. He suggests that, pot in the middle-east often brag about documenting police brutality, nevertheless is not what they should be focusing on. He argues that they should focus on how new leaders will shape the new constitution, and how to deal with issues regarding previous regimes. Morozov believes that the middle-east can obtain successful democracy, but depending on how they can react, and ferment on existing problems.Evgeny implies that regimes would be a lot slight hectic if it werent for the internet. He claims, if it the internet wasnt around, they could energize taken a different route in fashioning decisions, could induce been less violent, and decisions could ware been made months earlier than they did. He explains how in Russia, kids were being so distracted by new(prenominal) websites that, for a short while, political relation had put up censorships so people would be less distracted. He believes that the most successful way of commanding the internet, isnt one that has the most educate censorship, but one that doesnt need a one at all. In addition, Evgeny suggested that it is nieve to believe that some(prenominal)thing as complex and sophisticated as the internet, could create exactly the same outcomes. In conclusion, he creates an unpretentious approach of dealing with polity making Cyber-realism.Cyber-realists are people that make the internet a method for achieving specific policy objectives, rather than,people who only focus on the internets philosophical impact as a whole. Evgeny makes some remarkable points, and although I think he slightly dramatizes the negative impacts internet has on the utile states, he still manages to convince me of his logical argument. For instance, I too, believe that internet is credited for some negative things such(prenominal) as countries having lacked enlightenment in the topic of political decisions, being a distraction rather than a source of information, and finally, fine-looking the government a disloyal reputation. 1Evgeny suggests that certain countries do not have the ability to be notified of political suggestions online, because computers are not available to them. A relatable example he expresses is that, Fidel Castro has a twitter page, but people in Cuba, do not have computers, let alone twitter. In Italy, for example, only three hundred and sixty seven people have computers, out of one k people. Thats less than half of the population that would not be well informed. In addition, in places such as Russia, internet isnt a system intended to gain information, but rather, a attempt engine utilized for personal enjoyment.Internet is often a way of keeping kids away from regime because they become far to distracted on other sites, such as RuTube, to focus on government issues. I agree this is a negative effect, because if kids are uninformed, their kids will be uninformed, and the pattern of using internet for personal use will take its toll on future generations. Other countries, such as North Korea and Belarus, lack the ability to be technologically caught up in society. Evgeny mentions, I wouldnt have much hope in the internet in North Korea. Its a country with some of the fewest internet connections in the world, and average North Koreans have been brainwashed to such an extent that you have serious psychological challenges that you cant overcome just by using blogs and twitter. This expresses the internet as being an unfair advantage to certain countries that are not as technologically advanced. Additionally, internet is giving the government a bad reputation for two different reasons.First off, Evgeny states that bloggers publishing about treachery in local governments, are easily co-opted by higher politicians, and are turned against what they were blogging about. In this case, bloggers are absolutely being shut down, in that the power of the governmentis less on local authorities, but on the federal government. This demonstrates the government being disloyal to the people, and using a pessimistic way of controlling the local population, which in turn, can certainly lead to trust issues between the two. Secondly, the government will oft reach out to citizens for their opinion, but it doesnt necessarily mean that they are listening to what the citizens have to say. 2Evgeny suggests that governments pretend to reach out to obtain citizens input, but in reality, it is only a way of making them seem legitimate. The problem with this is that it causes the government to lose power, in that, they can no longer be rely by the people, therefore the people will slowly stop publicizing their input.Another topic he could have reached upon would be that, because internet is so traceable, some negative things that might have gone viral will always be traced back to you. When bloggers write anti-government information, they are giving out their location, and can easily be tracked by local policemen. Overall I think that Evgeny truly convinced me of his argument because he had some very va lid ideas, and as he pointed out, there are plenty of reasons people blame internet for the negative effects it has on the revolution.

Discuss How Shakespeare Uses Language Essay Example for Free

Discuss How Shakespeare Uses Language EssayDiscuss how Shakespeare uses spoken language and dramatic techniques for character development in knead 2 motion-picture show 2 of Measure for Measure. Shakespeare uses a variety of linguistic devices and dramatic techniques for character development from Act 2 Scene 2 to Scene 4.We see Angelos precise, business-like persona transform to temptation, and final cruelty whilst we see the truthful, confident side of Isabella as as she attempts to convince Angelo to reverse his judgement, only til nowtually loses her ignorant hope on the realisation of his true purpose. In Act 2 Scene 2 Shakespeare portrays Angelo as precise, intelligently dealing with the pleas of Isabella to go on the life of her brother by reversing the death sentence that has been handed down to him. The scene begins with the Provost and Angelo discussing Claudios punishment.The Provost dares to take aim Angelo if he really wants Claudio murdered, All sects, all ages smack of this vice, and he to die fort, and Angelo states that he does, Did non I tell yea? Hast mebibyte no order? Why dost thou ask once again? . Shakespeare instantly uses dramatic technique of foreshadowing the conflict that is to follow done the sharp words exchange between the two. Provost then asks whats to be done with the woman he got pregnant, Juliet.Angelo still refuses to relent, and says that Juliet, who is in labour, should go to a to a greater extent fitting place, away from everything that is going on Dispose of her To some more better place Shakespeares lexical choice conveys his ruthless record to the audience, in this context would mean rank her away, simply of course reading the text using more modern language drop is an unpleasant word, especially when referring to a human being, where it seems incongruous, especially in reference to a pregnant woman, therefrom subtly foreshadowing the revealing of Angelos animalistic nature later in the scene.An gelo also augurs Juliet a fornicatress, the harsh constanents of the name once again conjuring the theme that is constantly present through the play, that of appearance versus reality. Although Juliet appears from Angelos quick appraisal to be just a sinful person, her reality is far more complex she is much better than most women of the time, she is not a prostitute or adulterer, preferably her only fault was not securing a marriage contract forrader she slept with her fiancee.She is actually a woman of strength and principle, not the simple sinner that Angelos developing harsh, cruel character reduces her to. Isabella comes to see Angelo innocently, as shy as she appeared in her low gear scene at the nunnery, and begins to plead with him for Claudios life, I conduct a brother is condemned to die. I do beseech you, let it be his fault, And not my brother. Angelo is pictured to be business-like and unrelenting, Condemn the fault, and not the actor of it?Why, every faults condem ned ere it be done but Lucio urges her to persist, encouraging her Ay, touch him, theres the vein acting as a kind of Hellenic chorus for the audience. She does, and calls upon Angelos pity, mercy, and moderation she recognises that Angelo has the power to enforce the law in full, but impresses upon him that one mustiness use power with moderation.Isabellas strategy is a keen one, trying to persuade Angelo to have the kindred mercy for her brother that she has. Once again, the issue of mercy is urged upon Angelo, as is the theme of human weakness, which all, Isabella stresses, fall victim to.Her character is portrayed as increasingly canny, when she has to be her argument is strong and persuasive, although it is not her argument that causes Angelo to relent, but his attraction to her. Isabella also touches upon the theme of use of power it is excellent to have a giants strength, she tells Angelo, but it is tyrannous to use it as a giant, making an allusion to Jove to demonstrate her point even the gods, with tremendous power, know how best to use their awesome abilities.This is another lesson that Angelos character must assure for although he can use the law to its full extent if he wishes, he has to scan how to annoying his power with mercy and heed moderation. Comparing the characters of Angelo and Isabella, one could argue that Isabella is the symbol of goodness and mercy readiness against a background of moral decay.Alternatively, one could see her character as self-righteous and hypocritical, as we later discover when she values her chastity higher than her brothers life. Isabella continues arguing with Angelo until he in conclusion relents and tells her to come back the next day to hear his judgement.Everyone leaves, and Angelo speaks a rather striking soliloquy, apparently public lecture to himself what art thou Angelo? Dost thou desire her foully for those things that make her good? . Thus, through Shakespeares staging, we learn that Angelo admits to himself that he is in love with Isabella because of her virtue and purity. Often characters in Shakespeares plays have soliloquies but they do not often refer to themselves in third person and when they do, it is often a sign of madness. possibly Shakespeare is suggesting this as a sign for Angelo.What is certain is that he is struggling with an inward battle between what he knows he should do and what he desires to do, as his develops and starts questioning the morality of his own character. It is with great irony that Isabellas call to Angelo to mark the weaknesses in his own heart is answered by Angelos acknowledgement that he is tempted by Isabella. It is this temptation that brings from Angelo his first statement of mercy toward Claudio O, let her brother liveThieves for their robbery have authority when judges appropriate themselves Shakespeare shows how Angelo realises that with experience of ones own weakness comes mercy for others failings however, he soon ignor es this lesson, and falls into hypocrisy in Act 2 Scene 4. In this scene, Isabella comes back the next day as Angelo had asked, and he begins by post that Claudio must die.Isabella begins to leave, but Angelo begins to tempt her to save her brother, by offering herself instead. Isabella ignorantly misunderstands Angelos subtle cozy offer, and he is forced to tell her plainly that if she sleeps with him he will let Claudio live.Angelo accuses her of hypocrisy, and they discuss the frailty of women. In terms of character development in this scene, Angelo begins in a state of agitation, pondering why he cannot pray and with a new awareness of how the appearance of things might not be true to reality. Where before Angelo was unified in his intentions and actions, he has now become internally divided, O place, O form, How often does thou with thy case, thy habit, Wrench awe from fools, and tie the wiser souls to thy false seemingBlood, thou art blood. - questioning the power of author ity, perspective and outward appearance to convince even wise men that false men are virtuous. Shakespeare uses language of coercion, wrench and tie, and apostrophe O place, O form to perhaps illustrate the sophisticated and baffling nature of false appearances. Shakespeare also shows how Angelo is beginning to seduce Isabella with subtle and ambiguous lexis, but moving more and more towards blunt, harsh and animalistic discourse as the scene progresses.I have begun, and now I select my sensual race the rein Shakespeare shows how Angelo has almost been possessed by his animal side. This is perhaps emphasised by the use of horse imagery, race the rein, as well as the use of plosives and dentals fit they hope to my sharp appetite, drawing attention to his teeth and lips, reinforcing his sexual lust and passion for Isabella. When Isabella enters, however, she meekly accepts Angelos judgement, but as the scene progresses she continues to find her voice.As Angelo descends into sensua lity, she seems to become more pious and religously extreme, almost swapping roles with Angelo. Th impression of keen whips Id wear as rubies, and strip myself to death Shakespeare uses images of love, death and falgellation to express her disgust at the idea of submitting to Angelo. Though the sentiment is spiritual, the language and images are highly physical, suggesting that her character would fend the carnal sexuality by yielding herself to more gruesome lovers torture and death.Her innocence is also burst by Angelos crass offer she seems shocked to find out that justice might not be as perfect as it appears. Her naivety is gradually stripped away as Angelo soft overcomes her threat to expose him, and she sees that virtue does not necessarily triumph over iniquity. Yet, she still has ignorant belief in the honour of her brother, Claudio, and trusts that he will defend her honour even at the cost of his life.

Summarry scent of apples Essay Example for Free

Summarry horn in of apples EssayJob MethodWith Job labor, the complete chore is handled by a single role player or group of workers. Jobs can be small-scale/low engineering as well as hard/ spicy technology. Low technology jokes here the organization of production is extremely simply, with the required skills and equipment good obtainable. This method enables customers specific requirements to be included, often as the job progresses. Examples include hairdressers tailoring High technology jobs high technology jobs involve much greater complexity and in that respectfore present greater way challenge. The important ingredient in high-technology job production is pick up management, or project control. The essential features of good project control for a job are Clear definitions of objectives- how should the job progress (milestones, dates, stages) Decision-making process how are decisions fetching about the needs of separately process in the job, labour and other resources Examples of high technology / complex jobs film production large construction projects (e.g. the Millennium Dome) survey MethodAs businesses grow and production volumes increase, it is not unusual to see the production process organised so that Batch methods can be used. Batch methods require that the work for any task is divided into parts or transactions. Each operation is completed through the whole clutch pedal before the next operation is performed. By using the batch method, it is feasible to achieve specialisation of labour. Capital expenditure can also be kept trim although careful planning is required to ensure that production equipment is not idle. The main aims of the batch method are, therefore, to narrow skills (specialisation) Achieve high equipment utilisationThis technique is probably the most commonly used method for organising manufacture. A good example is the production of electronic instruments. Batch methods are not without their problems. in t hat location is a high probability of poor work blend, pointly if the batches are not of the optimal size or if there is a significant difference in productivity by each operation in the process. Batch methods often result in the build up of significant work in progress or stocks (i.e. completed batches waiting for their turn to beworked on in the next operation).Flow MethodsFlow methods are similar to batch methods except that the problem of rest/idle production/batch queuing is eliminated. Flow has been be as a method of production organisation where the task is worked on continuously or where the treat of material is continuous and progressive,The aims of liquify methods are-Improved work material flow-Reduced need for labour skills Added harbor / completed work fasterFlow methods mean that as work on a task at a particular stage is complete, it must be passed directly to the next stage for treat without waiting for the remaining tasks in the batch. When it arrives at th e next stage, work must start immediately on the next process. In order for the flow to be smooth, the clippings that each task requires on each stage must be of equal length and there should be no movement take out the flow production rakehell. In theory, therefore, any fault or error at a particular stage In order that flow methods can work well, several requirements must be met(1) There must be substantially constant demandIf demand is unpredictable or irregular, then the flow production line can lead to a substantial build up of stocks and possibility repositing difficulties. Many businesses using flow methods get round this problem by building for stock i.e. retention the flow line working during quiet periods of demand so that take can be produced efficiently.(2) The product and/or production tasks must be standardised Flow methods are inflexible they cannot deal in effect with variations in the product (although some variety can be accomplished through applying differ ent finishes, decorations etc at the end of the production line).(3) Materials used in production must be to specification and delivered on time Since the flow production line is working continuously, it is not a good idea to use materials that straggle in style, form or quality. Similarly, if the required materials are not available, then the whole production line will come to a close with potentially serious cost consequences.(4) Each operation inthe production flow must be carefully defined and recorded in detail(5) The output from each stage of the flow must conform to quality standards Since the output from each stage moves ahead continuously, there is no room for sub-standard output to be re-worked (compare this with job or batch production where it is possible to compensate for a lack of quality by doing some extra work on the job or the batch before it is completed). The achievement of a successful production flow line requires commodious planning, particularly in ensur ing that the correct production materials are delivered on time and that operations in the flow are of equal duration.

Coffee Shop Essay Example for Free

java cheat Essay ending Time has the meaning set come to the fore in atom 1. 3 need pith a formal written contract between the city and a Preferred Prop superstarnt to undertake the Services, the pet form of which is wedded as instrument B rating Team style the aggroup ordained by the urban center Information run into has the meaning set by in section 1. 4 Preferred counsellor(s) content the power(s) s elective by the Evaluation Team to enter into negotiations for a learn counselor-at-law center an entity that submits a proposal device means a proposal submitted in receipt to this RFP RFP means this beg for ProposalsServices has the meaning set go forth in plan A situate means the tail end or places where the Services are to be performed and Statement of Departures means Schedule C-1 to the form of Proposal bandageed as Schedule C. Instructions To counselors 2 Closing Time and Address for Proposal Delivery Proposals moldiness be certain by the o ffice of the Kam Grewal, BBA, CMA Acting Purchasing AP Manager Address6645 148 Street Surrey, BC V3S 3C7 on or in the lead the following date and judgment of conviction (the Closing Time) Time 300 pm local time assure Monday, July 5, 2010.Submissions by telefax or email ordain non be accepted. on that point lead be no extension to the Closing Time for the submission of proposals. 3 Information Meeting An reading run into whitenedthorn be hosted by the metropolis Representative to discuss the metropoliss requirements under this RFP (the Information Meeting). While appearance is at the sagacity of Proponents, Proponents who do not attend go out be deemed to have attended the Information Meeting and to have acquire only of the information given at the Information Meeting. At the time of issuance of this RFP a meeting has not been scheduled. 4 Number of Copies.Proponents should submit the pilot program plus 5 hard copies (6 in add together) of their Proposals. 5 Late Proposals Proposals received after the Closing Time entrust not be accepted or considered. Delays ca partd by every delivery, courier or mail service(s) leave behind not be grounds for an extension of the Closing Time. 7 Amendments to Proposals Proposals may be revised by written amendment, delivered to the location set out above, at every time onward the Closing Time but not after. An amendment must be consecrateed by an authorized signatory of the Proponent in the same manner as raised by section 2.3. facsimile gondola amendments are permitted, but such fax may show only the change to the proposal toll(s) and in no event disclose the actual proposal price(s). A Proponent bears all lay on the line that the metropoliss fax equipment functions properly so as to facilitate timely delivery of whatever fax amendment. 8 Inquiries All inquiries related to to this RFP should be directed in writing to the person named below (the metropolis Representative). Information obtained from whatever person or source early(a) than the metropolis Representative may not be relied upon. Kam Grewal, BBA, CMA Acting Purchasing AP Manager.Addressmetropolis of Surrey Purchasing 6645 148 Street Surrey, BC V3S 3C7 mobilize 604-590-7274 Fax604-599-0956 Emailemailprotected ca Inquiries should be do no later than 7 eld before Closing Time. The urban center militia the right not to respond to inquiries do within 7 days of the Closing Time. Inquiries and responses allow for be recorded and may be distributed to all Proponents at the discretion of the city. Proponents decision discrepancies or omissions in the quail or RFP, or having doubts as to the meaning or intent of both preparation, should immediately notify the City Representative.If the City charms that an amendment is required to this RFP, the City Representative will issue an adjunct in accordance with section 1. 9. No oral conversation will affect or stipulate the terms of this RFP or may be relied up on by every Proponent. 9 Addenda If the City determines that an amendment is required to this RFP, the City will post a written addendum on the City website at www. surrey. ca (the City Website) and upon posting will be deemed to form part of this RFP. Upon submitting a Proposal, Proponents will be deemed to have received notice of all addenda that are posted on the City Website.10 Examination of Contract Documents and Site Proponents will be deemed to have care wide-eyedy examined the RFP, including all attached Schedules, the Contract and the Site (as applicable) precedent to preparing and submitting a Proposal with respect to any and all facts which may influence a Proposal. 11 Opening of Proposals The City intends to talent Proposals in private but reserves the right to open Proposals in public at its sole discretion. 12 Status Inquiries All inquiries related to the status of this RFP, including whether or not a Contract has been awarded, should be directed to the City Websit e and not to the City Representative.Proposal Submission FORM AND contents 2 Package Proposals should be in a sealed package, marked on the outside with the Proponents name, title of the run into and reference number. 3 Form of Proposal Proponents should complete the form of Proposal attached as Schedule C, including Schedules C-1 to C-4. Proponents are encouraged to respond to the items listed in Schedules C-1 to C-4 in the order listed. Proponents are encouraged to use the forms provided and attach additional pages as necessary. 4 Signature.The legal name of the person or firm submitting the Proposal should be inserted in Schedule C. The Proposal should be signed by a person authorized to sign on behalf of the Proponent. 1 If the Proponent is a familiarity and then the full name of the corporation should be included, together with the names of authorized signatories. The Proposal should be executed by all of the authorized signatories or by one or more of them provided that a c opy of the corporate resolution authorizing those persons to execute the Proposal on behalf of the corporation is submitted.2 If the Proponent is a partnership or vocalise venture then the name of the partnership or joint venture and the name of apiece partner or joint venturer should be included, and each partner or joint venturer should sign personally (or, if one or more person(s) have signing confidence for the partnership or joint venture, the partnership or joint venture should provide evidence to the satisfaction of the City that the person(s) signing have signing authority for the partnership or joint venture).If a partner or joint venturer is a corporation then such corporation should sign as indicated in subsection (a) above. 3 If the Proponent is an individual, including a sole proprietorship, the name of the individual should be included. valuation and Selection 2 Evaluation Team The evaluation of Proposals will be undertaken on behalf of the City by the Evaluation T eam. The Evaluation Team may bestow with others including City mental faculty members, third companionship consultants and references, as the Evaluation Team may in its discretion decide is required.The Evaluation Team will give a written recommendation for the selection of a Preferred Proponent or Preferred Proponents to the City. 3 Evaluation Criteria The Evaluation Team will comparison and evaluate all Proposals to determine the Proponents strength and ability to provide the Services in order to determine the Proposal which is most advantageous to the City, use the following criteria 1 Experience, Reputation and Resources The Evaluation Team will consider the Proponents responses to items in C-2 of ScheduleC including supplementary information.3 Technical The Evaluation Team will consider the Proponents responses to items (i) to (vii) in C-3 of ScheduleC. 5 Financial The Evaluation Team will consider the Proponents response to C-4 of ScheduleC. (d)Statement of Departures The Evaluation Team will consider the Proponents response to C-1 of ScheduleC. The Evaluation Team will not be limited to the criteria referred to above, and the Evaluation Team may consider other criteria that the team identifies as relevant during the evaluation process.The Evaluation Team may apply the evaluation criteria on a comparative posterior, evaluating the Proposals by comparing one Proponents Proposal to another Proponents Proposal. All criteria considered will be applied evenly and fairly to all Proposals. 4 Discrepancies in Proponents Financial Proposal If there are any apparent discrepancies, errors or omissions in C-4 of a Proposal (Proponents Financial Proposal), then the City shall be authorize to dispatch obvious corrections, but only if, and to the extent, the corrections are apparent from the Proposal as submitted, and in picky(a)if there is a discrepancy between a social unit price and the extended total, then the unit prices shall be deemed to be correct, and tally corrections will be made to the extended totals (b)if a unit price has been given but the corresponding extended total has been omitted, then the extended total will be calculated from the unit price and the estimated quantity (c)if an extended total has been given but the corresponding unit price has been omitted, then the unit price will be calculated from the extended total and the estimated quantity.6 Litigation In addition to any other provision of this RFP, the City may, in its direct discretion, turn d have a Proposal if the Proponent, or any officer or director of the Proponent submitting the Proposal, is or has been engaged at a time or indirectly in a legal action against the City, its elected or appointed officers, representatives or employees in relation to any matter.In determining whether or not to reject a Proposal under this section, the City will consider whether the litigation is likely to affect the Proponents ability to work with the City, its cons ultants and representatives and whether the Citys experience with the Proponent indicates that there is a risk the City will incur increased ply and legal costs in the administration of the Contract if it is awarded to the Proponent. 8 Additional Information.The Evaluation Team may, at its discretion, request clarifications or additional information from a Proponent with respect to any Proposal, and the Evaluation Team may make such requests only to selected Proponents. The Evaluation Team may consider such clarifications or additional information in evaluating a Proposal. 10 Interviews The Evaluation Team may, at its discretion, may invite some or all of the Proponents to appear before the Evaluation Team to provide clarifications of their Proposals. In such event, the Evaluation Team will be entitled to consider the answers received in evaluating Proposals.12 Multiple Preferred Proponents and Changes to the Proponent Team The City reserves the right and discretion to dissociate up the Services, either by scope, geographic area, or other foot as the City may decide, and to select one or more Preferred Proponents to enter into discussions with the City for one or more Contracts to perform a portion or portions of the Services. If the City exercises its discretion to divide up the Services, the City will do so reasonably having regard for the RFP and the basis of Proposals.Likewise, the City reserves the right to ask for changes in the member/s comprising the Proponent Team as it deems beneficial to the overall composition of the Team and without any obligation to justify its preference. In addition to any other provision of this RFP, Proposals may be evaluated on the basis of advantages and disadvantages to the City that might result or be achieved from the City dividing up the Services and entering into one or more Contracts with one or more Proponents.not APPLICABLE 14 Negotiation of Contract and Award If the City selects a Preferred Proponent, then it may (a)enter into a Contract with the Preferred Proponent or (b)enter into discussions with the Preferred Proponent to clarify any large(p) issues and attempt to subside the terms of the Contract, including financial terms. If discussions are successful, the City and the Preferred Proponent will finalize the Contract or.(c)if at any time the City reasonably forms the opinion that a mutually satisfying agreement is not likely to be reached within a reasonable time, give the Preferred Proponent written notice to terminate discussions, in which event the City may then either open discussions with another Proponent or terminate this RFP and retain or obtain the Services in some other manner. General Conditions 2 No City Obligation.This RFP is not a tender and does not aim the City in any way to select a Preferred Proponent, or to proceed to negotiations for a Contract, or to award any Contract, and the City reserves the complete right to at any time reject all Proposals, and to term inate this RFP process. 4 Proponents Expenses Proponents are solely responsible for their own expenses in preparing, and submitting Proposals, and for any meetings, negotiations or discussions with the City or its representatives and consultants, relating to or arising from this RFP.The City and its representatives, agents, consultants and advisors will not be liable to any Proponent for any claims, whether for costs, expenses, bolshyes or damages, or loss of anticipated profits, or for any other matter whatsoever, incurred by the Proponent in preparing and submitting a Proposal, or participating in negotiations for a Contract, or other action at law related to or arising out of this RFP. 6 No ContractBy submitting a Proposal and participating in the process as outlined in this RFP, Proponents expressly agree that no contract of any kind is formed under, or arises from, this RFP, forward to the signing of a formal written Contract. 7 Conflict of Interest A Proponent shall disclo se in its Proposal any actual or potential conflicts of interest and existing bloodline relationships it may have with the City, its elected or appointed officials or employees. The City may rely on such disclosure. 8 collecting of Council Members and City Staff.Proponents and their agents will not contact any member of the City Council or City staff with respect to this RFP, other than the City Representative named in section1. 8, at any time prior to the award of a contract or the termination of this RFP. 10 Confidentiality All submissions become the property of the City and will not be returned to the Proponent. All submissions will be held in confidence by the City unless otherwise required by law. Proponents should be aware the City is a public body define by and subject to the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act of British Columbia. Schedule A. work 1. GENERAL This RFP is inviting potential Proponents to submit Proposals to act as the tenant and sole vendor for a proposed coffee tree shop (the drinking chocolate scab) at the Surrey City Centre library (the Library), currently universe constructed at 10350 University Drive, Surrey, BC. The successful Proponent will be responsible for the managing and daily service of the Coffee fink located on the ground report of the Library. there will be an opportunity for the successful Proponent to provide catering for meetings and other similar functions, although it is not mandatory for the client to use the Coffee sleuth for catering.2. BACKGROUND As part of the Surrey City Centre plan review and update, the Surrey City Council has ratified the expression of a new 5-level program library. While the project is currently in the design phase, construction has commenced due to the spry track nature of the project. Currently excavation is complete on the basement and the ground floor slab and documentation is being set. It will be poured by Friday June 18, 2010. The Library is convenie ntly located near bus loops, transport and SkyTrain. The Library will eventually become part of a plaza where fraternity celebrations will take place.Once completed it will be Surreys largest library at 75,000 square feet. The Citys new Library will be a unique state of the art environmentally cozy landmark that provides access to the broadest range of information, learning opportunities, and diverse cultural experiences. The new Library will be The centrepiece for Surreys City Centre adorned in architectural excellence for the 21st century, the library will contribute to the vitality of the city and put Surrey in a class with other peachy cities.A foundation for the Citys future success by boosting economic and cultural activity and attracting visitors from all parts of the country. A source of pride and a great public space, where the community gathers to celebrate, reflect, bring together and share information, knowledge and culture. 3. PROJECT GOAL The goal of this project is to identify a coffee and related sustenance services operator for the Library. 4. THE COFFEE SHOP An exciting opportunity exists on the ground floor to operate a commercial Coffee stigmatise. The Coffee discover is located in a noble barter area, between the two main entrances, elevators and new book display.The licence awarded to the successful Proponent would besides include a seating area where customers can sit. The consumption of food within the Library itself is allowed. There are several meeting rooms and a large room which can host community events, along with teen areas, study areas, childrens areas and much more. It is also expected that the Library will be utilised by SFU students on a constant basis. 5. LIBRARY HOURS Library opening hours are Monday to Friday930am 900pm Saturday1000am 500pm Sunday 100pm 500pm 6.2009 PEDESTRIAN TRAFFIC The following figures represent the estimated visits at all the public library branches for 2009. BRANCH VISITORS Cloverdale 163,605 Fleetwood 262,717 Guildford 582,361 Newton 357,045 Ocean Park 193,167 Port Kells 7,410 Semiahmoo 305,162 Strawberry Hill 357,166 Whalley 276,406 It is estimated that traffic for the Library will mirror that of the Whalley branch, and is expected to increase due to the development taking place in the area. 7. EXPECTATIONS OF THE SUCCESSFUL PROPONENTThe City would require the successful Proponent to offer a variety of food and beverage choices that include healthy and nutritious elections for all customers, many of whom are school-aged children. The Surrey Public Library lineup has approved the policy (policy 3. 8 Healthy Food Options) that the Library provides a healthy food option for programs, special events and contests. No alcohol is to be allowed. There is to be no food smell multiplication if preparation is required and there is to be no electric grinding (e. g. coffee beans) on the Coffee Shop floor due to noise levels.All grinding can be done in t he storage room, manually or prior to Library opening hours. Loading of stock for the Coffee Shop can be done via the west entrance of the ground floor or via the elevators from the underground parkade. Persons meeting in the conference rooms are permitted to cater from external companies although there is the opportunity for the successful Proponent to cater these functions if prior arrangements are made between the two parties. The opening date for the Coffee Shop is yet to be determined, however, it is expected to be up and running by early Summer of 2011.The Coffee Shop is expected to be operational during Library opening hours. Opening times for the Coffee Shop are to be from the Librarys opening time to half an hour prior to the Librarys closing. The successful Proponent would be able to enter the building half an hour prior to the Librarys opening time. The successful Proponent is to render any equipment needed for the Coffee Shop to function including, but not limited to, c offee machines, refrigerator, signage, counter cooler case, etc. All business licences and food permits are the responsibility of the Proponent.8. SUCCESSFUL PROPONENTS WORK RESPONSIBILITIES a) Should there be any structural changes which have been reviewed and approved by the City prior to the execution of such changes, the tenant is to supply all tenant improvement plans signed and sealed by professional engineers or architects to be approved by the City. b) The tenant is to provide evidence of insurance for the Citys approval as condition in the License Agreement (refer to Schedule B License Agreement).c) The tenant is expected to supply all equipment needed to sufficiently run the coffee shop including, but not limited to, coffee machines and espresso equipment, undercounter refrigerators, shelving in the storage room, display cooler case, paper towel dispenser, milk cooler, microwave, cash register and trash bins. 9. low temperature DRINK BEVERAGES The City has an agreement with The Pepsi Bottling Group (Canada), Co. (Pepsi), for the exclusive supply of cold drink beverages for all City facilities, including the Library. Therefore, the successful Proponent is to work directly with Pepsi for the supply of cold drink beverages, including Carbonated soft drinks Teas other than fresh brewed Juices. Juice-based products Lemonade Isotonics Sports drinks Energy drinks Bottled water Excluded Beverages Milk Flavoured milk Cold coffee Branded or unbranded fresh brewed coffee or tea Hot chocolate Unbranded fresh squeezed juices Smoothies and milkshakes The agreement with Pepsi is to authorise in 2011. 10. SNACK FOODS The City has an agreement with Ryan Company Ltd. (Ryan Vending), for the exclusive supply of a fitter snack foods program and vending services for all City facilities, including the Library. Therefore, the successful Proponent is to work directly with Ryan Vending for the supply of snack foods.11. CITY RESPONSIBILITIES The City is to complete the demonstrate area, as set out in Schedule B, in a good and workmanlike manner, at the Citys cost, using new materials and to the following extent a) Interior wall taped and sanded drywall to code, painted white b) Ceiling is to be painted concrete c) The floor will be finished with a rubber covering d) antagonistic tops on the horizontal confront counter is to be a white laminate e) The vertical section of the counters shall be an East Coast maple f) The counter at the back of the shop floor containing the sink, and the backsplash, is to be white Coriang) There will be an apple ply edging where the vertical edge of the counters meets the horizontal at the front counter h) There is to be recessed lighting fixtures above the back counter, surface attach fixture on painted concrete ceiling to light signage and menu and pendant fixtures at the front counter i) All signage, including Menu board, must be approved by the City and the design team (Bing Thom Architects). The preferred signage for the Coffee Shop is electric flat screens, however, the design team is open to ideas regarding electronic signage from Proponents.This will have no impact on the evaluation of the Proponent Proposal j) The City will provide the main sink and handwash sink located in the back counter k) A 25mm house servant hot and cold water line with backflow preventor will be installed for refrigerator and coffee machine and l) A 20mm domestic hot and cold water pipe and a 40mm sanitary drain will be installed for each of the two (2) sinks. term The Proponent will provide the Services set out in this ScheduleA and A-1 for a term not to exceed five social classs (including renewal) commencing in the early Summer of 2011 (the frontier).A. The Licensor is the owner of those lands and premises located at 10350 University Blvd within the City of Surrey, Province of British Columbia, and more particularly known and described as Parcel Identifier 028-179-951 Parcel 1 Section 27 Bl ock 5 N Range 2 West New Westminster District Plan BCP44240 (the Lands) on which is located theCity Centre Library. B. The Licensee wishes to obtain from the Licensor a licence to use those portions of the building located on the Lands as follows 1. stadium A Concession and Storage Room ( permission Area A) which area is approximately 141. 9 sq. ft. and shown on the plan attached hereto as Schedule A and 2. Area B put Area ( authorize Area B) as shown on the plan attached hereto as Schedule A (collectively the demonstrate Area) C. The Licensee intends to use the Licence Area for the retail exchange of coffee, tea, and other products as outlined in this Licence. D. Licence Area A shall be for the exclusive use of the Licensee, and Licence AreaB shall be for the non-exclusive use of the Licensee.NOW THEREFORE in consideration of the sum of ONE DOLLAR salaried by each of the parties to each other and other good and valuable consideration (the receipt and sufficiency of which each p arty herewith acknowledges) the parties hereby covenant and agree as follows 1. In this License the parties agree that (a)Additional term of a contract means the capitals payable hereunder, together with all other sums of money, whether or not designated as Additional Rental, to be paid by the Licensee whether to the Licensor or otherwise under this License save and except Minimum Rental and pct Rental (b)Commencement Date of termination means ______________, 2011(c)Gross Revenue means the entire measuring stick of the barters price, whether sell or retail, for cash, credit, or otherwise of all sales of mathematical product and services, and all other receipts and receivables whatsoever of all business conducted at, in, upon, or from the Licence Area, including, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, receipts and receivables in respect of any sale effected by the Licensee using any computer.Electronic, telephone, internet, or like system, where the Product is sent v ia the Licence Area or by the Licensee directly to a consumer, orders taken at or received at the Licence Area, although such orders may be filled elsewhere by the Licensee, deposits not refunded to customers, the selling price of gift certificates, charges to customers in the nature of interest or carrying or financing charges, sums, and credits received, and settlement of claims for loss of or damage to goods.No deductions shall be allowed for uncollected or uncollectible credit accounts. There shall not be included in Gross Revenue (i)any sums shown separately from the price and collected and paid out for any direct retail sales tax imposed by any duly constitute governmental authority (ii)the exchange of goods and merchandise between the stores of the Licensee, if any, where such exchange of goods or merchandise is made solely for the convenient operation of the business of the Licensee and not for the purpose of consummating a sale which has previously been made or agreed to b e made at, in, from, or upon the Licence Area or for the purpose of depriving the Licensor of the turn a profit of a sale which otherwise would be made at, in, from, or upon the Licence Area(iii)the Licensees original cost of returns to suppliers or to manufacturers (iv)the amount of merchandise sold when such merchandise is thenceforth returned by the vendee and accepted by the Licensee, and a complete credit is given to the purchaser and (v)the selling price of gift or merchandise certificates or coupons sold other than from the Licence Area, provided that such gift or merchandise certificates or coupons shall be included in the calculation of Gross Revenue at the time of their redemption.(vi)Each sale upon an installment or credit basis shall be treated as a sale for the full price in the month in which that sale is made regardless of the time when the Licensee receives payment, whether full or partial, from its customer (d)Lands means as hereinbefore defined in recital A (e) Licence division means a 12-month period commencing with the first day of January in one calendar year and ending on the last day of December of that year, providing that the first Licence Year shall commence on the Commencement Date of Term and end on the last day of December next following and the last Licence Year shall end on the last day of the Term and commence on the first day of January preceding that date (f)Licence Area means Licence Area A and Licence Area B(g)Licence Area A means those portions of the building located on the Lands shown highlighted in pink and marked as Area A. Concession and Area A Storage room, which area is approximately 141. 9 sq. ft. (h)Licence Area B means those portions of the building located on the Lands shown highlighted in yellow and marked as Area B. Seating Area (i)Minimum Rental means the minimum annual rental reserved hereunder payable by the Licensee (j)Product means coffee, tea, soft drinks, juices, pastries, sandwiches and related ite ms as specified in the menu attached as Schedule C which menu may be amended from time to time with the agreement of the Licensor and the Licensee(k)Percentage Rental means the percentage rental reserved hereunder and payable by the Licensee (l)Real Property Taxes means all taxes, order and assessments, whether general or specially levied or assessed for municipal, school, general or any other purposes by any lawful government authority payable by the Landlord in respect of the Demised Premises and shall include any other taxes payable by the Landlord which in the future are levied in lieu of or in addition to such taxes, rates and assessments the whole as finally determined for each calendar year as a result of assessment, appeal or judicial review, and shall include any legal fees, or appraisers fees incurred by the Landlord in respect of such final determination.(m)Rental means Additional Rental, Percentage Rental, if any, and Minimum Rental and (n)Term means _______ (__) years commencing on the Commencement Date of the Term and ending on the _____ day of ________, 20__. 2. The Licensor hereby grants to the Licensee a licence to occupy and use Licence Area A on an exclusive basis and Licence Area B on a non-exclusive basis commencing on the Commencement Date of Term for Term unless sooner terminated as hereinafter provided. 3. To use Licence Area for the retail sale of the Products and to use Licence Area B to provide a seating area for the benefit of visitors to and staff of the City Centre Library and for no other purpose during the Term. 4.The Licensor covenants and agrees to pay to the Licensor, in lawful money of Canada, on the days and at the times hereinafter specified, Rental which shall include the aggregate of the sums required to be paid (a)Minimum Rental and Percentage Rental The dwell shall pay the greater of (i).Minimum Rental of $________ per month commencing on the Commencement Date of Term and the 1st day of each and every month thereafte r throughout the Term or (ii)the Percentage Rental which shall be ___% of Gross Revenue per Licence Year (b)Additional Rental Any sums, costs, expenses or other amounts from time to time due and payable by the Tenant to the Landlord or to any third persons under the provisions of this Licence, including, without limitation, all amounts payable under Section 4.3 and Article 5 and all amounts payable by the Tenant by way of indemnity, whether expressed in this Licence to be Basic Rent or Additional Rent or not shall be treated and deemed to be Rent and the Landlord shall have all remedies for the collection of such sums, costs, expenses or other amounts, when in arrears, as are available to the Landlord for collection of Rent in arrears.The Licensee shall also pay for (i)the removal of garbage generated by the Licencee to the main garbage receptacle, cleaning of spills and pick up of litter in Licence Area B, and any other like service rendered to the Licence Area for the benefit of the Licensee and paid by the Licensor. (ii)the amount of Real Property Taxes applicable to the Licence Area in every Licence Year during the Term or any renewal thereof as and when prescribed by the Landlord.